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- <title>3.10.  Clone</title>
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- <th colspan="3" align="center">3.10. 
- <span lang="en" xml:lang="en">Clone</span>
- </th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="gimp-tool-ink.html"><img src="../images/prev.png" alt="Prev" /></a> </td>
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- <span lang="en" xml:lang="en">Brush Tools</span>
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- <div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
- <div class="titlepage">
- <div>
- <div>
- <h3 class="title"><a id="gimp-tool-clone"></a>3.10. 
- <span lang="en" xml:lang="en">Clone</span>
- </h3>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <a id="id2633619" class="indexterm"></a>
- <a id="id2633633" class="indexterm"></a>
- <div class="figure">
- <a id="id2633642"></a>
- <p class="title">
- <b>Figure 13.65. 
- <span lang="en" xml:lang="en">Clone tool icon in the Toolbox</span>
- </b>
- </p>
- <div class="figure-contents">
- <div class="mediaobject">
- <img src="../images/toolbox/toolbox-clone.png" alt="Clone tool icon in the Toolbox" />
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <br class="figure-break" />
- <p>
- The Clone tool uses the current brush to copy from an image or pattern.
- It has many uses: one of the most important is to repair problem areas in
- digital photos, by “<span class="quote">painting over</span>” them with pixel data from
- other areas.
- This technique takes a while to learn, but in the hands of a skilled user
- it is very powerful. Another important use is to draw patterned lines or
- curves: see <a class="link" href="gimp-concepts-patterns.html" title="11.  Patterns">Patterns</a>
- for examples.
- </p>
- <p>
- If you want to clone from an image, instead of a pattern, you must tell
- GIMP which image you want to copy from. You do this by holding down the
- Ctrl key and clicking in the desired source image. Until you have set the
- source in this way, you will not be able to paint with the Clone tool:
- the tool cursor tells you this by showing a “<span class="quote">forbidden</span>”
- symbol.
- </p>
- <p>
- If you clone from a pattern, the pattern is <span class="emphasis"><em>tiled</em></span>;
- that is, when the point you are copying from moves past one of the
- edges, it jumps to the opposite edge and continues, as though the pattern
- were repeated side-by-side, indefinitely. When you clone from an image
- this does not happen: if you go beyond the edges of the source, the Clone
- tool stops producing any changes.
- </p>
- <p>
- You can clone from any drawable (that is, any layer, layer mask, or
- channel) to any other drawable. You can even clone to or from the
- selection mask, by switching to QuickMask mode. If this means copying
- colors that the target does not support (for example, cloning from an RGB
- layer to an Indexed layer or a layer mask), then the colors will be
- converted to the closest possible approximations.
- </p>
- <div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
- <div class="titlepage">
- <div>
- <div>
- <h4 class="title"><a id="id2633738"></a>3.10.1. 
- <span lang="en" xml:lang="en">How to Activate</span>
- </h4>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <p>You can activate the Clone tool in several ways :</p>
- <div class="itemizedlist">
- <ul type="disc">
- <li>
- <p>
- From the image menu through
- <span class="guimenu">Tools</span> ‚Üí <span class="guisubmenu">Paint Tools</span> ‚Üí <span class="guimenuitem">Clone</span>.
- </p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- By clicking on the tool icon
- <span class="guiicon">
- <span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../images/toolbox/stock-tool-clone-22.png" /></span>
- </span> in Toolbox.
- </p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- By pressing the <span class="keycap"><strong>c</strong></span> keyboard shortcut.
- </p>
- </li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
- <div class="titlepage">
- <div>
- <div>
- <h4 class="title"><a id="id2633837"></a>3.10.2. 
- <span lang="en" xml:lang="en">Key modifiers</span>
- </h4>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <p>
- See the <a class="link" href="gimp-tools-paint.html#gimp-tools-brush-modifiers" title="3.1.1.  Key modifiers">brush tools key
- modifiers</a> for a description of key modifiers that have the same
- effect on all brush tools.
- </p>
- <div class="variablelist">
- <dl>
- <dt>
- <span class="term">
- <span class="keycap">
- <strong>Ctrl</strong>
- </span>
- </span>
- </dt>
- <dd>
- <p>
- The Ctrl key is used to select the source, if you are cloning
- from an image: it has no effect if you are cloning from a
- pattern. You can clone from any layer of any image, by clicking
- on the image display, with the Ctrl key held down, while the
- layer is active (as shown in the Layers dialog). If Alignment is
- set to “<span class="quote">None</span>”, “<span class="quote">Aligned</span>”, or
- “<span class="quote">Fixed</span>” in tool options, then the point you click on
- becomes the origin for cloning: the image data at that point will
- be used when you first begin painting with the Clone tool. In
- source-selection mode, the cursor changes to a reticle cross
- symbol.
- </p>
- </dd>
- </dl>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
- <div class="titlepage">
- <div>
- <div>
- <h4 class="title"><a id="id2633912"></a>3.10.3. 
- <span lang="en" xml:lang="en">Tool Options</span>
- </h4>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="figure">
- <a id="id2633923"></a>
- <p class="title">
- <b>Figure 13.66. 
- <span lang="en" xml:lang="en">Tool Options for the Clone tool</span>
- </b>
- </p>
- <div class="figure-contents">
- <div class="mediaobject">
- <img src="../images/toolbox/tool-options-clone.png" alt="Tool Options for the Clone tool" />
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <br class="figure-break" />
- <div class="variablelist">
- <dl>
- <dt>
- <span class="term">
- Mode; Opacity; Brush; Pressure Sensitivity, Fade out, Apply Jitter,
- Hard Edges
- </span>
- </dt>
- <dd>
- <div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
- <table border="0" summary="Note">
- <tr>
- <td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25">
- <img alt="[Note]" src="../images/note.png" />
- </td>
- <th align="left">Note</th>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td align="left" valign="top">
- <p>
- See the <a class="link" href="gimp-tools-paint.html#gimp-tool-brush-options" title="3.1.2.  Tool Options">Brush Tools Overview</a> for a
- description of tool options that apply to many or all brush tools.
- </p>
- </td>
- </tr>
- </table>
- </div>
- </dd>
- <dt>
- <span class="term">Source</span>
- </dt>
- <dd>
- <a id="id2633999" class="indexterm"></a>
- <p>
- The choice you make here determines whether data will be copied
- from the pattern shown above, or from one of the images you have
- open.
- </p>
- <div class="variablelist">
- <dl>
- <dt>
- <span class="term">Image</span>
- </dt>
- <dd>
- <p>
- If you choose “<span class="quote">Image source</span>”,
- you must tell GIMP which layer to use as the source, by
- Ctrl-clicking on it, before you can paint with the tool.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt>
- <span class="term">Pattern</span>
- </dt>
- <dd>
- <p>
- Clicking on the pattern symbol brings up the Patterns
- dialog, which you can use to select the pattern to paint
- with. This option is only relevant if you are cloning from a
- Pattern source.
- </p>
- </dd>
- </dl>
- </div>
- </dd>
- <dt>
- <span class="term">Alignment</span>
- </dt>
- <dd>
- <p>
- The Alignment mode defines the relation between the brush
- position and the source position.
- </p>
- <p>
- In the following examples, we will use a source image where the
- sample to be cloned will be taken, and a destination image where
- the sample will be cloned (it could be a layer in the source
- image)
- </p>
- <div class="figure">
- <a id="id2634101"></a>
- <p class="title">
- <b>Figure 13.67. 
- <span lang="en" xml:lang="en">Original images for clone alignment</span>
- </b>
- </p>
- <div class="figure-contents">
- <div class="mediaobject">
- <img src="../images/toolbox/clone-source.png" alt="Original images for clone alignment" />
- <div class="caption">
- <p>
- We will use the largest brush with the Pencil tool. The
- source is represented here with a ringed cross.
- </p>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="mediaobject">
- <img src="../images/toolbox/clone-dest.png" alt="Original images for clone alignment" />
- <div class="caption">
- <p>
- An image with a solid background only. We shall draw three
- cloning strokes successively.
- </p>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <br class="figure-break" />
- <div class="variablelist">
- <dl>
- <dt>
- <span class="term">None</span>
- </dt>
- <dd>
- <p>
- In this mode, each brushstroke is treated separately. For
- each stroke, the point where you first click is copied from
- the source origin; there is no relationship between one
- brush stroke and another. In non-aligned mode, different
- brush strokes will usually clash if they intersect each
- other.
- </p>
- <div class="figure">
- <a id="id2634190"></a>
- <p class="title">
- <b>Figure 13.68. 
- <span lang="en" xml:lang="en">
- “<span class="quote">None</span>” clone alignment
- </span>
- </b>
- </p>
- <div class="figure-contents">
- <div class="mediaobject">
- <img src="../images/toolbox/clone-none.png" alt="None clone alignment" />
- <div class="caption">
- <p>
- At every new brush stroke, the source goes back to
- its first position. The same sample is always cloned.
- </p>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <br class="figure-break" />
- </dd>
- <dt>
- <span class="term">Aligned</span>
- </dt>
- <dd>
- <p>
- In this mode, the first click you make when painting sets
- the offset between the source origin and the cloned result,
- and all subsequent brushstrokes use the same offset. Thus,
- you can use as many brushstrokes as you like, and they will
- all mesh smoothly with one another.
- </p>
- <p>
- If you want to change the offset, select a new source origin
- by clicking with the <span class="keycap"><strong>Ctrl</strong></span> key pressed.
- </p>
- <div class="figure">
- <a id="id2634272"></a>
- <p class="title">
- <b>Figure 13.69. 
- <span lang="en" xml:lang="en">
- “<span class="quote">Aligned</span>” clone alignment
- </span>
- </b>
- </p>
- <div class="figure-contents">
- <div class="mediaobject">
- <img src="../images/toolbox/clone-aligned.png" alt="Aligned clone alignment" />
- <div class="caption">
- <p>
- At every new brush stroke, the source keeps the
- same offset it had with the previous brush stroke.
- So, there is no cloning offset for the first brush
- stroke. Here, for the following strokes, the source
- ends up out of the source image canvas; hence the
- truncated aspect.
- </p>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <br class="figure-break" />
- </dd>
- <dt>
- <span class="term">Registered</span>
- </dt>
- <dd>
- <p>
- The “<span class="quote">Registered</span>” mode is different from the
- other alignment modes. When you copy from an image, a
- Ctrl-click will register a source layer. Then painting in a
- target layer will clone each corresponding pixel (pixel with
- the same offset) from the source layer. This is useful when
- you want to clone parts of an image from one layer to
- another layer within the same image. (But remember that you
- can also clone from one image to another image.)
- </p>
- <p>
- When you selected a pattern as source, imagine a new layer
- filled with this pattern as the registered source layer.
- </p>
- <div class="figure">
- <a id="id2634369"></a>
- <p class="title">
- <b>Figure 13.70. 
- <span lang="en" xml:lang="en">
- “<span class="quote">Registered</span>” clone alignment
- </span>
- </b>
- </p>
- <div class="figure-contents">
- <div class="mediaobject">
- <img src="../images/toolbox/clone-registered.png" alt="Registered clone alignment" />
- <div class="caption">
- <p>
- At every brush stroke, the source adopts the position
- of the mouse pointer in the destination layer. Here,
- the destination layer is smaller than the source
- layer; so, there is no truncated aspect.
- </p>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <br class="figure-break" />
- </dd>
- <dt>
- <span class="term">Fixed</span>
- </dt>
- <dd>
- <p>
- Using this mode you will paint with the source origin,
- unlike the modes <span class="guilabel">None</span> or
- <span class="guilabel">Aligned</span> even when drawing a line. The
- source will not be moved.
- </p>
- <div class="figure">
- <a id="id2634450"></a>
- <p class="title">
- <b>Figure 13.71. 
- <span lang="en" xml:lang="en">
- “<span class="quote">Fixed</span>” clone alignment
- </span>
- </b>
- </p>
- <div class="figure-contents">
- <div class="mediaobject">
- <img src="../images/toolbox/clone-fixed.png" alt="Fixed clone alignment" />
- <div class="caption">
- <p>
- The source remains fixed. The same small sample is
- reproduced identically in a tightened way.
- </p>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <br class="figure-break" />
- </dd>
- </dl>
- </div>
- </dd>
- </dl>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
- <div class="titlepage">
- <div>
- <div>
- <h4 class="title"><a id="filter-and-history-brushes"></a>3.10.4. 
- <span lang="en" xml:lang="en">Further Information</span>
- </h4>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
- <div class="variablelist">
- <dl>
- <dt>
- <span class="term">Transparency</span>
- </dt>
- <dd>
- <p>
- The effects of the Clone tool on transparency are a bit
- complicated. You cannot clone transparency: if you try to clone
- from a transparent source, nothing happens to the target. If you
- clone from a partially transparent source, the effect is weighted
- by the opacity of the source. So, assuming 100% opacity and a hard
- brush:
- </p>
- <div class="itemizedlist">
- <ul type="disc">
- <li>
- <p>
- Cloning translucent black onto white produces gray.
- </p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Cloning translucent black onto black produces black.
- </p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Cloning translucent white onto white produces white.
- </p>
- </li>
- <li>
- <p>
- Cloning translucent white onto black produces gray.
- </p>
- </li>
- </ul>
- </div>
- <p>
- Cloning can never increase transparency, but, unless “<span class="quote">keep
- transparency</span>” is turned on for the layer, it can reduce
- it.
- Cloning an opaque area onto a translucent area produces an opaque
- result; cloning a translucent area onto another translucent area
- causes an increase in opacity.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt>
- <span class="term">“<span class="quote">Filter</span>” brushes</span>
- </dt>
- <dd>
- <p>
- <a id="id2634620" class="indexterm"></a>
- There are a few non-obvious ways to use the Clone tool to obtain
- powerful effects. One thing you can do is to create “<span class="quote">Filter
- brushes</span>”, that is, create the effect of applying a filter
- with a brush. To do this, duplicate the layer you want to work
- on, and apply the filter to the copy. Then activate the Clone
- tool, setting Source to “<span class="quote">Image source</span>” and Alignment
- to “<span class="quote">Registered</span>”. Ctrl-click on the filtered layer to
- set it as the source, and paint on the original layer: you will
- then in effect be painting the filtered image data onto the
- original layer.
- </p>
- </dd>
- <dt>
- <span class="term">History brush</span>
- </dt>
- <dd>
- <p>
- <a id="id2634675" class="indexterm"></a>
- You can use a similar approach to imitate Photoshop's
- “<span class="quote">History brush</span>”, which allows you to selectively
- undo or redo changes using a brush. To do this, start by
- duplicating the image; then, in the original, go back to the
- desired state in the image's history, either by undoing or by
- using the Undo History dialog. (This must be done in the
- original, not the copy, because duplicating an image does not
- duplicate the Undo history.) Now activate the Clone tool,
- setting Source to “<span class="quote">Image source</span>” and Alignment to
- “<span class="quote">Registered</span>”. Ctrl-click on a layer from one image,
- and paint on the corresponding layer from the other image.
- Depending on how you do it, this gives you either an “<span class="quote">undo
- brush</span>” or a “<span class="quote">redo brush</span>”.
- </p>
- </dd>
- </dl>
- </div>
- </div>
- </div>
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